Wake wasukuma ngokushesha kakhulu wezwa umhlaba ujikeleza umzuzwana? Noma waphawula inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngamandla ngemva kokudla okukhulu?
Lezi zikhathi ezincane zibonisa okuthile okukhulu kakhulu okwenzekayo emzimbeni wakho. Uhlelo lwakho lwezinzwa oluzimele lusebenza buthule njalo ngomzuzwana wosuku, lugcina ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kuzinzile, ukugaya kwakho kuhamba kahle, kanye nomfutho wegazi lakho ulawulwa.
Kodwa uma kuyeka ukusebenza kahle, imiphumela ingaba ephazamisayo, edidayo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi eqeda amandla.
Izinkinga zokuzimela zivame kakhulu kunalokho abantu abaningi abakuqaphelayo, futhi ukuqonda izisekelo kungenza umehluko omkhulu ekutholeni usizo olufanele.
Ukuqonda Uhlelo Lwezinzwa Oluzimele
Ngaphambi kokuthi ungene kulokho okungahambi kahle, kuyasiza ukuqonda ukuthi uhlelo lwezinzwa oluzimele lwenzani ngempela. Uhlelo lwezinzwa oluzimele luyingxenye yohlelo lwakho lwezinzwa olulawula imisebenzi ezenzakalelayo yomzimba wakho oyidingayo ukuze uphile.
Lezi yizinqubo ongacabangi ngazo futhi ubuchopho bakho buzilawula ngenkathi uvukile noma ulele.
Cabanga ngakho njengesofthiwe yangemuva yomzimba wakho esebenza njalo, ngaphandle kokuthi uchofoze inkinobho eyodwa.
Amagatsha Amabili Ayinhloko
Uhlelo lwezinzwa oluzimele lunezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: uhlelo oluzwelanayo, oluyisistimu "yokulwa noma yokubaleka", kanye nohlelo lwe-parasympathetic, oluyisistimu "yokuphumula nokugaya".
Uhlelo oluzwela luhlanganisa amandla ukuze lwenze isenzo ngokwandisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo nokwandisa abafundi, kuyilapho uhlelo lwe-parasympathetic lugcina amandla ngokunciphisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo nokukhuthaza ukugaya ukudla.
La magatsha amabili asebenza njengabalingani, eshintshana kuye ngokuthi umzimba wakho udingani nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
I-Enteric Nervous System
Kukhona futhi isigaba sesithathu okufanele sazi ngaso. Uhlelo lwezinzwa oluzimele luqukethe izigaba ezintathu ezihlukile ngokokwakheka: i-sympathetic, i-parasympathetic, kanye ne-enteric.
Uhlelo lwe-parasympathetic lwenza kube lula izinqubo "zokuphumula nokugaya", lukhuthaza imisebenzi ye-homeostatic njengokulawula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo nokubuyisela i-peristalsis yamathumbu kanye nokugaya.
Uhlelo lwesisu ngezinye izikhathi lubizwa ngokuthi “ubuchopho besibili” ngoba luphatha amathumbu cishe ngokuzimela, luqondisa ukugaya kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni.
Kwenzekani Uma Uhlelo Lokuzimela Luhluleka
Uma uhlelo lwezinzwa oluzimele lungasebenzi kahle, umzimba ulahlekelwa yikhono lawo lokugcina ibhalansi phakathi kwezinhlelo zawo zangaphakathi. Lokhu kuphazamiseka yikho okuholela ezinkingeni eziningi ze-autonomic, futhi kuyindaba ebalulekile emkhakheni we -Neurology Autonomic Disorders.
Ubunzima buwukuthi lezi zimo zingabonakala njengezinye izinkinga eziningi zempilo ngaphandle. Abantu bavame ukulinda iminyaka ngaphambi kokuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile.
Izimpawu Ezivamile Ongase Uzibone
Abantu abanesifo sokuzilawula banenkinga yokulawula uhlelo olulodwa noma ngaphezulu, okungabangela ukuquleka, ukuba nekhanda elibuthakathaka, ukucindezeleka kwegazi okushintshashintshayo, nezinye izimpawu.
Izinkinga zesimiso sezinzwa ezizenzakalelayo zingavela zodwa noma ngenxa yesinye isifo, njengesifo sikaParkinson, umdlavuza, izifo ezizenzakalelayo, ukusebenzisa kabi utshwala, noma isifo sikashukela.
Ezinye izimpawu ezivame ukubikwa zifaka:
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile lapho uphumule noma lapho ushintsha izikhundla
- Izinkinga zokugaya ukudla okuhlanganisa isicanucanu, ukuqunjelwa, kanye ne-gastroparesis
- Ukujuluka ngokweqile noma okuncishisiwe
- Ukungasebenzi kahle kwesinye
- Ukukhathala nokungabekezeleli ukuzivocavoca
- Ubunzima bokucabanga kahle, ngezinye izikhathi okubizwa ngokuthi inkungu yobuchopho
Indlela Izinga Lenhliziyo Nokucindezeleka Kwegazi Okuthinteka Ngayo
Uhlelo lwezinzwa oluzimele lulawula ukuthi inhliziyo yakho iphampa ngokushesha nangokuqinile kangakanani kanye nobubanzi bemithambo yegazi. Lawo makhono yindlela uhlelo oluzimele olusiza ngayo ukulawula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kanye nomfutho wegazi.
Uma lo mthetho ungaphumeleli, igazi lingahlangana emzimbeni ongezansi, ukucindezeleka kungehla ngokungazelelwe, noma inhliziyo ingagijima ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile.
Izinhlobo Ezivame Kakhulu Zezinkinga Zokuzimela
Kunezinhlobo okungenani ezingu-15 zezifo ezizimele eziqashelwayo, ezibizwa ngokuthi i-dysautonomia. Ezinye zilula futhi ziyalawuleka, kanti ezinye ziphazamisa kakhulu impilo yansuku zonke.
Izifo ezivame kakhulu ezizimele ezitholakala emtholampilo yi-postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), i-neurocardiogenic syncope, kanye ne-orthostatic hypotension, okungase kungatholakali noma kuvame ukubizwa kabi ngokuthi izifo zengqondo.
AMABHOTHI: Lapho Ukuma Kuyinselele
Esinye sezifo zesimiso sezinzwa ezizimele ezivame ukutholakala, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abasebasha, yi-postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. Ngokungafani nezimo ezichazwa umfutho wegazi ophansi, i-POTS ichazwa ukwanda okukhulu kwesilinganiso senhliziyo lapho umile.
Izimpawu ze-POTS zifaka phakathi ukuba nekhanda elikhanyayo, ngezinye izikhathi okunokuphelelwa amandla, ubunzima bokucabanga nokugxila, okubizwa ngokuthi inkungu yobuchopho, ukukhathala, ukungabekezeleli ukuzivocavoca, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukubona okufiphele, kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo.
I-Orthostatic Hypotension
I-Orthostatic hypotension ukwehla okungazelelwe komfutho wegazi okwenzeka lapho umuntu esukuma, okubangela umfutho wegazi ophansi endaweni eqondile. Lokhu kuholela ekunciphiseni kokunikezwa kwegazi ebuchosheni. Lesi simo sivame ukubangela umuntu ukuba azizwe enesiyezi noma enekhanda elibuthakathaka.
Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba imithambo yegazi ayicindezeli ngokushesha ngokwanele ukuze isunduze igazi liye ebuchosheni uma uphakama.
I-Neurocardiogenic Syncope
I-neurocardiogenic syncope yi-dysautonomia evame kakhulu, ethinta amashumi ezigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele. Uphawu oluyinhloko ukuquleka. Uhlelo lwezinzwa oluzimele oluphilile lulungisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo kanye nokuqina kwemisipha ukuze kuvinjelwe igazi ukuthi lingahlangani emilenzeni nasezinyaweni, kodwa i-neurocardiogenic syncope ihilela ukwehluleka kulezo zindlela, futhi ukulahlekelwa okwesikhashana kokujikeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni kubangela ukuquleka.
Ukuxhumana Kokugaya Ukudla
Abantu abaningi abanezinkinga zokuzimela bayamangala lapho bezwa ukuthi ukusebenza kwamathumbu kuhlobene kangakanani nesimiso sezinzwa. Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla alusebenzi lodwa. Luthembele kakhulu ezimpawini ezizimele ukuze lwazi ukuthi kufanele luhambise ukudla nini, ukuthi kufanele lukhiphe nini ama-enzyme, nokuthi lulawula kanjani ukugeleza kwegazi.
Indlela Amathumbu Aphazamiseka Ngayo
Ngesikhathi sokugaya ukudla, igazi elengeziwe liyadluliselwa esiswini nasemathunjini amancane, okwenza inhliziyo ishaye ngokushesha futhi ngamandla kuyilapho imithambo yegazi ekude nohlelo lokugaya ukudla incipha.
Lezi zenzo zigcina umfutho wegazi kanye nokugeleza kwegazi emzimbeni wonke. Kodwa-ke, kubantu abane-hypotension yangemva kokudla, le nqubo iba nokuphazamiseka.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-parasympathetic kuvuselela umgudu wokugaya ukudla ukuze kucutshungulwe ukudla futhi kususwe ukungcola. Amandla avela ekudleni okucutshungulwe asetshenziselwa ukuvuselela nokwakha izicubu.
Uma leso signali se-parasympathetic sibuthakathaka noma singaphumeleli kahle, ukugaya ukudla kuyehla, ukudla kuhlala esiswini isikhathi eside kakhulu, futhi izimpawu ezifana nokuqunjelwa, isicanucanu, kanye nemikhuba engajwayelekile yamathumbu ziba umzabalazo wansuku zonke.
Yini Ebangela Izinkinga Zokuzimela?
Izinkinga zokuzimela azihlali zinembangela eyodwa ecacile. Zingavela zodwa noma zibonakale njengomphumela wesibili wesinye isimo.
Izimbangela Eziyinhloko
Ezinye izifo ezizimele zizuzwa njengefa noma zikhula ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. Lezi zaziwa ngokuthi ama-dysautonomia ayinhloko. Izimo ezifana ne-familial dysautonomia kanye ne-multiple system atrophy ziwela kulesi sigaba.
Izimo Ezingabangela Ukuthi Zibe Khona
Kunezimo ezingadala noma zifake isandla ku-dysautonomia, okuhlanganisa isifo sikashukela, izifo ezizimele ezifana ne-Guillain-Barré syndrome, ukutheleleka kwe-COVID-19, ikakhulukazi i-COVID ende, isifo sikaParkinson, i-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, i-multiple sclerosis, kanye nemithi ethile noma izinqubo zezokwelapha.
| Isigaba | Izibonelo |
| Izimo ze-metabolic | Isifo sikashukela, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-thyroid |
| Izifo ezizenzakalelayo | I-Lupus, isifo sikaSjogren |
| Izimo zezinzwa | Isifo sikaParkinson, ukuwohloka kwesistimu eminingi |
| Izifo | I-COVID ende, isifo se-Lyme |
| Ukuphazamiseka kofuzo | Umndeni we-dysautonomia, u-Ehlers-Danlos |
| Imithi | Amanye ama-chemotherapy agents |
Ukuxilongwa Nokwelashwa
Ukuthola isifo esizimele kudinga isineke kanye nochwepheshe ofanele. Izimpawu zihambisana nezinye izimo eziningi kangangokuthi ukuxilongwa okungalungile kuvamile. Izikhungo ezifana neLiv Hospital zibhekana nalezi zimo nethimba elinolwazi oluhlukahlukene, ziqaphela ukuthi ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-autonomic kuthinta inhliziyo, amathumbu, izinso kanye nobuchopho ngasikhathi sinye.
Izivivinyo zokuxilonga
Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, odokotela bahlola izimpawu zezinkinga zokuzimela komzimba ezifana nokwehla kwengcindezi yegazi okubangelwa yi-orthostatic. Balinganisa umfutho wegazi kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo ngesikhathi umuntu elele phansi noma ehleli nangemva kokuba umuntu emi.
Uma umuntu esukuma, umfutho wegazi uyancipha. Ukuze kulungiswe lokhu, inhliziyo ishaya ngamandla futhi izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo liyakhuphuka. Kubantu abaphilile, izinguquko zincane futhi zifushane. Uma zikhulu noma zihlala isikhathi eside, umuntu angase abe ne-orthostatic hypotension.
Ezinye izivivinyo ezisetshenziswa ekuxilongweni zifaka:
- Ukuhlolwa kwetafula lokutsheka ukuze kuqashwe izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kanye noshintsho lomfutho wegazi ngesimo
- Isikrini sokuzivumelanisa nesimo sokuzimela sokuhlola ukusebenza kwe-sweat gland kanye nokusabela komfutho wegazi
- Ukuhlolwa kokujuluka kwe-thermoregulatory
- Ukuhlolwa kokuhamba kwesisu ukuze kutholakale ukuthi kukhona yini okusolwayo ngokubandakanyeka kokugaya ukudla
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo ukuhlola izimo eziyisisekelo
Izinketho zokwelapha
Ukwelashwa kwezifo ezivamile zokuzimela kuhlanganisa ukwengeza usawoti noketshezi, izinhlelo ezikhethekile zokuzivocavoca ezihlala phansi kanye nokulala phansi, kanye nokungenelela kwezokwelapha ngama-beta blockers, ama-vasoconstrictors, ama-aldosterone analogs, kanye nezinye izinto ezihlose izindlela eziyisisekelo zokuphazamiseka kokuzimela.
Ukulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila nakho kudlala indima ebalulekile. Ngokusho kweCleveland Clinic , ukuphatha izifo ezithinta umzimba ngokuvamile kudinga inhlanganisela yemithi, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, izinguquko ekudleni, kanye nesivinini somsebenzi esinqunyiwe esifanela isiguli ngasinye.
Imicabango Final
Izinkinga zokuzimela ziphakathi kwezindawo lapho kuhlangana khona izifo zenhliziyo, izifo zesisu, kanye nezifo zengqondo, okuyisizathu esenza ziqondwe kabi. Lapho izinzwa zakho ziyeka ukuxhumana kahle nenhliziyo yakho, imithambo yegazi, kanye namathumbu, imiphumela ebuhlungu ithinta cishe yonke indawo yokuphila kwansuku zonke.
Uma wena noma othile omaziyo ebhekene nesiyezi esingachazeki, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, izinkinga zokugaya ukudla, noma iziqephu zokuquleka, ukuphishekela ukuhlolwa nochwepheshe oqonda isimiso sezinzwa esizimele kuyisinyathelo esilandelayo esiwusizo nesibalulekile.
