Ukuvala ishishini akukaze kube sisigqibo esilula. Imele ukuqukunjelwa kwesahluko esibalulekileyo kubanini, abasebenzi, kunye nabachaphazelekayo ngokufanayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphaya komba weemvakalelo kukho inkqubo-sikhokelo yezomthetho nenkqubo entsonkothileyo eyilelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuvala kunobulungisa, kuselubala, kwaye kuthobela umthetho. Ukuqonda ingqiqo yomthetho emva kokuvalwa kweshishini kubalulekile kuye nawuphi na usomashishini okanye umlawuli wenkampani ofuna ukuhamba kule nkqubo ngentembeko nangobuchule.
Injongo yeZikhokelo zoMthetho ekuValweni kweShishini
Ishishini ngalinye lisebenza ngokweseti yezibophelelo ezisemthethweni, ukusuka ekuthotyelweni kwerhafu ukuya kumalungelo abasebenzi kunye noxanduva lombolekisi. Xa inkampani ijongene nokuvalwa, ezi zibophelelo azipheli nje. Endaweni yoko, batshintshela kwinkqubo elungelelanisiweyo elawulwa kukutshona kunye nomthetho weshishini.
Injongo yale mithetho kukuqinisekisa ukuba ii-asethi ziphathwa ngendlela eyiyo, amatyala ahlawulwa ngendlela efanelekileyo, kwaye akukho nxaxheba udlelwa indlala ngokungafanelekanga. Esi sikhokelo asikhuseli kuphela abatyalwayo nabaqeshwa kodwa nabalawuli ngokwabo, ukuba benza ngokwemisebenzi yabo esemthethweni. Inkqubo yakhiwe malunga nebhalansi, eqinisekisa ukuphendula ngelixa ivumela abanini indlela esemthethweni yokuvalwa xa ukubuyiswa kungasakwazi.
Ngokuzithandela vs. Ukuvalwa okunyanzelekileyo
Olunye ulwahlulo lokuqala ekuvalweni kweshishini luphakathi kweenkqubo zokuzithandela nezinyanzelekileyo.
Ukuvalwa ngokuzithandela kwenzeka xa abalawuli beenkampani bethatha isigqibo sokuvala ishishini ngokuthanda kwabo. Oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokuba inkampani iyanyibilika kodwa ayisafuneki, okanye ngenxa yokuba abalawuli bayaqonda ukuba ishishini alinakuqhubeka nokurhweba ngokufanelekileyo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, abalawuli banokuqalisa i-Members' Voluntary Liquidation (MVL) okanye iCreditors' Voluntary Liquidation (CVL), ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yemali yenkampani.
Ukuvalwa okusisinyanzelo, ngokuchaseneyo, kuqaliswa liqela langaphandle, ngokuqhelekileyo umntu otyalwayo, ngomyalelo wenkundla. Le nkqubo, eyaziwa ngokuba kukupheliswa okunyanzelekileyo, kwenzeka xa inkampani isilela ukuhlawula amatyala kwaye abatyalwayo babongoza inkundla ukuba iyigqibezele. Zombini ezi ndlela zilandela iinkqubo zomthetho ezingqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba onke amaqela aphathwa ngobulungisa.
Iifemu zobungcali ezifana https://www.mcalisterco.co.uk/ khokela abanini bamashishini ngezi nkqubo, ubancede bagqibe elona nyathelo lifanelekileyo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba iimfuno ezisemthethweni ziyafezekiswa ukususela ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni.
Imisebenzi esemthethweni yoMlawuli ngexesha lokuvala
Abalawuli beenkampani badlala indima ephambili kwindlela ukuvalwa kweshishini okwenzeka ngayo. Nje ukuba unxunguphalo lwemali lubonakale, umthetho ubeka imisebenzi ethile kubalawuli ukuba benze izinto eziluncedo kubabolekisi kunokuba babe ngabaninizabelo. Ukuqhubela phambili ukurhweba ngelixa ukwazi ukuba ishishini alikwazi ukuhlawula amatyala alo kunokukhokelela kwimiphumo enzulu yomthetho, kuquka izityholo zokurhweba ngokungalunganga.
Ingqiqo yomthetho apha ilula kodwa ibalulekile: abalawuli kufuneka bagcine ii-asethi eziseleyo kwaye bathintele ukwenzakala kwezemali okungaphaya. Bakwamele baqinisekise ukuba iingxelo zenkampani, iingxelo zemali, nonxibelelwano lwababolekisi luselubala yaye luchanekile. Ukufuna iingcebiso zobungcali kwangoko kunokukhusela abalawuli kuxanduva lomntu kwaye babonise ukholo oluhle ekulawuleni imeko.
Ukuphatha aMatyala, abaTyala, kunye nee-Asethi
Umba ophambili wokuvalwa kweshishini luluhlu lwemithetho elawula indlela amatyala ahlawulwa ngayo. Umgaqo-nkqubo wokutshona (insolvency framework) uchaza umyalelo othile apho abatyalwayo kufuneka bahlawulwe, kuqalwa ngabatyalwayo abaqinisekisiweyo, kulandele abo batyalwayo abakhethekileyo abafana nabaqeshwa abahlawulwayo, kuze emva koko kulandele abatyalwayo abangakhuselwanga.
Igosa eliqeshelwe ukutshona liyongamela le nkqubo, liqinisekisa ukuba ii-asethi eziseleyo zenkampani zixatyiswa, ziyathengiswa, kwaye zabiwa ngokufanelekileyo. Ezi ngcali zisebenza njengabalawuli abangathathi hlangothi, ukulawula yonke imiba yokuvala kunye nokubonelela ngeengxelo kubabolekisi kunye nabalawuli.
Ingqiqo yomthetho emva kolu luhlu kukugcina ubulungisa kunye nokungafihli ngelixa kunyuswa imbuyekezo kwabo batyala imali. Ukwaqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo ibhalwe ngokufanelekileyo, ivumela uphicotho lwexesha elizayo kunye nokuqinisekiswa okusemthethweni.
Amalungelo abaSebenzi kunye neziBonelelo zoMthetho
Xa inkampani ivala, abasebenzi bachaphazeleka ngokuthe ngqo, kwaye umthetho wengqesho ubonelela ngokhuseleko olucacileyo kubo. Abasebenzi banelungelo lokufumana imivuzo engekahlawulwa, iholide, kunye neentlawulo zokugxothwa emsebenzini. Ukuba inkampani ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana nezi zibophelelo, abasebenzi banokufaka ibango lembuyekezo kwiNgxowa-mali ye-Inshurensi yeSizwe e-UK.
Ngokomthetho, abaqeshi kufuneka babonisane nabasebenzi malunga nokugxothwa emsebenzini baze banike isaziso esibhaliweyo semeko yenkampani. Ukungaphumeleli ukulandela ezi nkqubo kunokukhokelela kumabango kubalawuli okanye kwimpahla yenkampani. Ke ngoko, ukulawula unxibelelwano lwabasebenzi ngokunyaniseka kunye nokuthotyelwa kwezomthetho ayiyondlela nje yokuziphatha elungileyo. Enyanisweni, yimfuneko esemthethweni.
Ukubaluleka kwamaGcisa aBatshonayo
Ii-Insolvency Practitioners (IPs) zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ukuvalwa kweshishini kulandela imigangatho yomthetho neyeenqobo ezisesikweni. Bangabasebenzi abanelayisensi abaqeqeshelwe ukuvavanya imeko yemali yenkampani, bacebise indlela yokuvalwa efanelekileyo, nokulawula zonke iinkqubo ezinxulumeneyo.
Ii-IPs zithatha ulawulo lwenkampani ngexesha lokubhangisa, iqinisekisa ukuba abalawuli kunye nabachaphazelekayo benza ngokuvumelana nomthetho. Bakwajongana neefayili kunye neNdlu yeeNkampani kunye neNkonzo yokuThenga, ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yokuvalwa ibhalwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye iselubala.
Ukubandakanya i-IP efanelekileyo ekuqaleni kwenkqubo kungenza umehluko phakathi koxinzelelo, ukuvalwa okungaqinisekanga kunye nesisombululo esicwangcisiweyo, esihambelana nomthetho esikhusela umdla wabo bonke ababandakanyekayo.
IiRekhodi zoMthetho kunye neziBophelelo zasemva kokuvalwa
Nasemva kokuba inkampani ivaliwe ngokusemthethweni, izibophelelo ezisemthethweni zinokuqhubeka kangangexesha elithile. Iirekhodi zentengiselwano yezemali, unxibelelwano nabatyalwayo, kunye neenkcukacha zokwabiwa kwe-asethi kufuneka zigcinwe iminyaka eliqela emva kokupheliswa. La maxwebhu ayimfuneko kuthotyelo lolawulo kunye nokukhusela abalawuli kwiingxabano ezinokubakho okanye kuphando.
Ukungaphumeleli ukugcina iirekhodi ezichanekileyo okanye ukulandela iinkqubo zasemva kokuvalwa kunokukhokelela kwizohlwayo okanye ukungafaneleki ukubamba abalawuli bexesha elizayo. Umthetho uyilelwe ukuxhasa uxanduva kunye nemfezeko kuwo wonke umjikelo wobomi beshishini, kubandakanya nesiphelo salo.
Kutheni ukuthotyelwa koMthetho Kukhusela iKamva
Ukuqonda kunye nokulandela ingqiqo yomthetho emva kokuvalwa akukho malunga nokuphepha izohlwayo. Ikwamalunga nokugcina isidima sobuchule kunye nokuzinza kwezemali. Abalawuli abalawula ukuvala ngenkathalo bahlala befumana kulula ukuphinda babuyise, baphinde bakhe, okanye baqale amashishini amatsha kwixesha elizayo.
Xa iphathwa ngokuchanekileyo, ukuvalwa kunokubonelela ngesileyiti esicocekileyo sezemali. Ivumela abanini bamashishini ukuba bafunde kumava, bagcine ukuthembeka, kwaye baqhubele phambili ngenjongo ehlaziyiweyo. Inkqubo yezomthetho ibonelela ngesi sakhiwo ukuba singohlwayi ukusilela, kodwa ukunika oosomashishini isakhelo abasidingayo ukuze baphume ngesidima kunye nokuthotyelwa.
