Ngaba wakha wema ngokukhawuleza waza waziva ihlabathi lijikeleza okomzuzwana? Okanye waphawula ukuba intliziyo yakho ibetha ngamandla emva kwesidlo esikhulu?
Ezi zihlandlo zincinci zibonisa into enkulu ngakumbi eyenzekayo emzimbeni wakho. Inkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo esebenza ngokuzolileyo yonke imihla, igcina isantya sentliziyo yakho sizinzile, ukugaya kwakho kushukuma, kwaye uxinzelelo lwegazi lwakho lulawulwa.
Kodwa xa iyeka ukusebenza kakuhle, iziphumo zinokuba ziphazamisayo, zibhide, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zityhafise.
Iingxaki zokuzimela komzimba zixhaphake kakhulu kunokuba abantu abaninzi becinga, kwaye ukuqonda iziseko kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu ekufumaneni uncedo olufanelekileyo.
Ukuqonda iNkqubo yeNervous ye-Autonomic
Ngaphambi kokuba ungene kwinto engalunganga, kuyanceda ukuqonda ukuba yintoni kanye kanye eyenziwa yinkqubo ye-autonomic nervous. Inkqubo ye-autonomic nervous yinxalenye yenkqubo yakho ye-nervous iyonke elawula imisebenzi yomzimba wakho oyifunayo ukuze uphile.
Ezi ziinkqubo ongazicingiyo kwaye ingqondo yakho iyazilawula xa uvukile okanye ulele.
Cinga ngayo njengesoftware yomzimba wakho ehlala isebenza, ngaphandle kokuba ucofe iqhosha elinye.
Amasebe Amabili Aphambili
Inkqubo ye-autonomic nervous inezigaba ezibini eziphambili: inkqubo ye-sympathetic, eyinkqubo "yokulwa okanye yokubhabha", kunye nenkqubo ye-parasympathetic, eyinkqubo "yokuphumla nokugaya".
Inkqubo yovelwano iqokelela amandla ukuze isebenze ngokunyusa izinga lentliziyo nokwandisa abafundi, ngelixa inkqubo ye-parasympathetic igcina amandla ngokunciphisa izinga lentliziyo nokukhuthaza ukugaya ukutya.
La masebe mabini asebenza njengamaqabane, etshintshana ngokuxhomekeke kwinto umzimba wakho oyifunayo nangaliphi na ixesha.
I-Enteric Nervous System
Kukwakho necandelo lesithathu ekufuneka liqondwe. Inkqubo ye-autonomic nervous inezigaba ezintathu ezahluke ngokwe-anatomically: i-sympathetic, i-parasympathetic, kunye ne-enteric.
Inkqubo ye-parasympathetic yenza kube lula iinkqubo "zokuphumla nokugaya", ikhuthaza imisebenzi ye-homeostatic efana nokulawula izinga lentliziyo kunye nokubuyisela i-peristalsis yesisu kunye nokugaya.
Inkqubo yesisu ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba "yingqondo yesibini" kuba ilawula amathumbu phantse ngokuzimeleyo, iququzelela ukugaywa ukususela ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni.
Kwenzeka ntoni xa i-Autonomic System ingaphumeleli
Xa inkqubo ye-autonomic nervous ingasebenzi kakuhle, umzimba ulahlekelwa ngamandla awo okugcina ibhalansi phakathi kweenkqubo zawo zangaphakathi. Oku kuphazamiseka kuko okukhokelela kwiingxaki ezahlukeneyo ze-autonomic, kwaye yingxaki ephambili kwicandelo le Iingxaki zokuZilawula zeNeurology.
Ubunzima kukuba ezi meko zinokubonakala ngathi ziingxaki ezininzi zempilo. Abantu badla ngokulinda iminyaka ngaphambi kokuba bafumane ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo.
Iimpawu Eziqhelekileyo Onokuthi Uzibone
Abantu abanesifo sokuzilawula banengxaki yokulawula inkqubo enye okanye ezingaphezulu, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba baphelelwe lithemba, babe neentloko ezibuthathaka, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluguquguqukayo, kunye nezinye iimpawu.
Ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ezenzekelayo kunokubakho ngokwako okanye ngenxa yesinye isifo, esifana nesifo sikaParkinson, umhlaza, izifo ezibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala, okanye isifo seswekile.
Ezinye iimpawu ezixeliweyo ziquka:
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo okanye okungahambelaniyo xa uphumle okanye xa utshintsha indawo
- Iingxaki zokugaya ukutya eziquka isicaphucaphu, ukudumba, kunye ne-gastroparesis
- Ukubila okugqithisileyo okanye okunciphileyo
- Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesinyi
- Ukudinwa kunye nokunganyamezelani nokuzilolonga
- Ubunzima bokucinga ngokucacileyo, ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa yi-brain fog
Indlela Isantya Sentliziyo Noxinzelelo Lwegazi Ezichaphazeleka Ngayo
Inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ezimeleyo ilawula indlela intliziyo yakho ekhawuleza kwaye iqine ngayo kunye nobubanzi bemithambo yegazi. Ezo zakhono yindlela inkqubo ezimeleyo enceda ngayo ukulawula izinga lentliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.
Xa lo mthetho ungaphumeleli, igazi linokubuthana emzimbeni ongezantsi, uxinzelelo lunokwehla ngokungalindelekanga, okanye intliziyo inokukhawuleza ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo.
Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zeengxaki zokuzimela
Kukho ubuncinane iintlobo ezili-15 zeengxaki zokuzimela ezibonwayo, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-dysautonomia. Ezinye zithambile kwaye ziyalawuleka, ngelixa ezinye ziphazamisa kakhulu ubomi bemihla ngemihla.
Ezona ngxaki zixhaphakileyo ze-autonomic ezifunyanwa kwiklinikhi yi-postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), i-neurocardiogenic syncope, kunye ne-orthostatic hypotension, ezinokuthi zingafunyaniswa okanye zibizwe gwenxa njengeengxaki zengqondo.
Iimbiza: Xa Ukuma Kungumngeni
Esinye sezifo ze-autonomic nervous system ezixhaphakileyo, ingakumbi kubasetyhini abancinci, yi-postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. Ngokungafaniyo neemeko ezichazwa luxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi, i-POTS ichazwa kukunyuka okukhulu kwesantya sentliziyo xa umile.
Iimpawu zePOTS ziquka ukuba nentloko ekhaphukhaphu, ngamanye amaxesha ukuphelelwa ngamandla, ubunzima bokucinga nokugxila, okubizwa ngokuba yi-brain fog, ukudinwa, ukunganyamezelani nokuzilolonga, intloko ebuhlungu, ukubona okufipheleyo, kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo.
Uxinzelelo lwe-Orthostatic Hypotension
I-Orthostatic hypotension kukwehla ngequbuliso koxinzelelo lwegazi okwenzeka xa umntu eme ngeenyawo, okubangela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi kwindawo ethe nkqo. Oku kukhokelela ekunciphiseni kokunikezelwa kwegazi engqondweni. Le meko idla ngokubangela ukuba umntu azive enesiyezi okanye enesizungu.
Oku kwenzeka kuba imithambo yegazi ayicinezeli ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo ukuze ityhale igazi libuyele engqondweni xa unyuka.
I-Neurocardiogenic Syncope
I-neurocardiogenic syncope yeyona dysautonomia ixhaphakileyo, ichaphazela amashumi ezigidi zabantu kwihlabathi liphela. Uphawu oluphambili kukuquleka. Inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephilileyo ezimeleyo ilungisa ukubetha kwentliziyo kunye nokuqina kwemisipha ukuthintela igazi ekuhlanganiseni emilenzeni nasezinyaweni, kodwa i-neurocardiogenic syncope ibandakanya ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezo ndlela, kwaye ukulahleka kwexeshana kokujikeleza kwegazi engqondweni kubangela ukuquleka.
Unxibelelwano lweSidlo
Abantu abaninzi abaneengxaki zokuzimela komzimba bayamangaliswa kukufunda indlela umsebenzi wamathumbu onxulumene ngayo nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Inkqubo yokwetyisa ayisebenzi yodwa. Ixhomekeke kakhulu kwiimpawu zokuzimela komzimba ukuze yazi ukuba kufuneka ihambise ukutya nini, nini ikhuphe ii-enzymes, kwaye ilawule ukuhamba kwegazi.
Indlela Amathumbu Aphazamiseka Ngayo
Ngexesha lokugaya ukutya, igazi elongezelelweyo liyadluliselwa esiswini nasemathunjini amancinci, nto leyo ebangela ukuba intliziyo ibethe ngamandla ngelixa imithambo yegazi ekude nenkqubo yokugaya ukutya incipha.
Ezi zenzo zigcina uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokuhamba kwegazi emzimbeni wonke. Nangona kunjalo, kubantu abane-hypotension emva kokutya, le nkqubo ayilawuleki.
Ulwahlulo lwe-parasympathetic luvuselela indlela yokugaya ukutya ukuze kucutshungulwe ukutya kwaye kususwe inkunkuma. Amandla avela kukutya okucutshungulweyo asetyenziselwa ukubuyisela nokwakha izicubu.
Xa eso signali ye-parasympathetic sibuthathaka okanye singaphumeleli kakuhle, ukugaya ukutya kuyehla, ukutya kuhlala esiswini ixesha elide kakhulu, kwaye iimpawu ezifana nokudumba, isicaphucaphu, kunye nemikhwa engaqhelekanga yokuhambisa amathumbu ziba ngumzabalazo wemihla ngemihla.
Yintoni Ebangela Iingxaki Zokuzimela?
Izigulo ezichaphazela ukuzimela azisoloko zinesizathu esinye nesicacileyo. Zinokuvela zodwa okanye zibonakale njengesiphumo sesibini sesinye isifo.
Oonobangela abaphambili
Ezinye iingxaki ze-autonomic zifunyanwa njengelifa okanye ziphuhliswa ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. Ezi zaziwa ngokuba yi-primary dysautonomias. Iimeko ezifana ne-familial dysautonomia kunye ne-multiple system atrophy ziwela kolu didi.
Iimeko Ezinokubangela Ukuba Babe Neengxaki
Kukho iimeko ezinokubangela okanye ezinegalelo kwi-dysautonomia, kubandakanya isifo seswekile, izifo zokuzikhusela komzimba ezifana ne-Guillain-Barré syndrome, usulelo lwe-COVID-19, ingakumbi i-COVID ende, isifo sikaParkinson, isifo sika-Ehlers-Danlos, i-multiple sclerosis, kunye namayeza athile okanye iinkqubo zonyango.
| udidi | imizekelo |
| Iimeko ze-metabolic | Isifo seswekile, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-thyroid |
| Izifo ezizenzekelayo | I-Lupus, isifo sikaSjogren |
| Iimeko ze-Neurological | Isifo sikaParkinson, ukuwohloka kwenkqubo ezininzi |
| Infections | I-COVID ende, isifo seLyme |
| Iziphazamiso zemfuza | I-dysautonomia yosapho, u-Ehlers-Danlos |
| Mayeza | Ezinye iiarhente ze-chemotherapy |
Ukufunyaniswa Nokunyangwa
Ukufumanisa isifo esizilawulayo kufuna umonde kunye nengcali efanelekileyo. Iimpawu ziyahambelana nezinye iimeko ezininzi kangangokuba ukuxilongwa okungafanelekanga kuqhelekile. Amaziko afana Isibhedlele saseLiv Ukujongana nezi meko neqela lezifundo ezahlukeneyo, uqaphela ukuba ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-autonomic kuchaphazela intliziyo, amathumbu, izintso kunye nengqondo ngaxeshanye.
Uvavanyo lweNgcaciso
Ngexesha lokuhlolwa komzimba, oogqirha bajonga iimpawu zeengxaki zokuzimela zomzimba ezifana ne-orthostatic hypotension. Balinganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nesantya sentliziyo xa umntu elele phantsi okanye ehleli nasemva kokuba umntu emi.
Xa umntu ephakama, uxinzelelo lwegazi luyehla. Ukuze kulungiswe imeko, intliziyo ibetha ngamandla kwaye isantya sentliziyo siyanda. Kubantu abasempilweni, utshintsho luncinci kwaye lufutshane. Ukuba lukhulu okanye luhlala ixesha elide, umntu unokuba ne-orthostatic hypotension.
Ezinye iimvavanyo ezisetyenziswa ekuxilongeni ziquka:
- Uvavanyo lwetafile yokuthambekela ukujonga izinga lentliziyo kunye notshintsho loxinzelelo lwegazi ngokwendawo
- Isikrini se-Autonomic reflex sokuvavanya ukusebenza kwe-sweat gland kunye nempendulo yoxinzelelo lwegazi
- Uvavanyo lokubila olulawula ubushushu
- Uvavanyo lokuhamba kwesisu ukuze kuqwalaselwe ukuba kukho ukubandakanyeka kokugaya ukutya okurhanelwayo
- Uvavanyo lwegazi nomchamo ukujonga iimeko ezingaphantsi
Izinyango Zonyango
Unyango lweengxaki eziqhelekileyo zokuzimela luquka ukongezwa kwetyuwa kunye nolwelo, iinkqubo ezizodwa zokuzilolonga zokulala nokulala, kunye nokungenelela kwe-pharmacologic nge-beta blockers, vasoconstrictors, aldosterone analogs, kunye nezinye izinto ezijolise kwiinkqubo ezisisiseko zeengxaki zokuzimela.
Uhlengahlengiso lwendlela yokuphila nalo ludlala indima ebalulekileyo. Kliniki yaseClevelandUkulawula iingxaki zokuzimela komzimba kudla ngokufuna indibaniselwano yamayeza, unyango lomzimba, utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo, kunye nesantya somsebenzi esilungiselelwe umguli ngamnye.
Iingcinga Final
Iingxaki zokuzimela ziphakathi kweengxaki zentliziyo, i-gastroenterology, kunye ne-neurology, nto leyo ebangela ukuba zingaqondwa kakuhle. Xa imithambo-luvo yakho iyeka ukunxibelelana kakuhle nentliziyo yakho, imithambo yegazi kunye namathumbu, iziphumo zayo zichaphazela phantse yonke indawo yobomi bemihla ngemihla.
Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unesiyezi esingachazwanga, isantya sentliziyo esingaguqukiyo, iingxaki zokugaya ukutya, okanye ukuquleka, ukufuna uvavanyo nogqirha oqondayo inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ezimeleyo linyathelo elilandelayo elisebenzayo nelibalulekileyo.
